[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":508},["ShallowReactive",2],{"ratgeber-en-wartungspflichten-brandschutz":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"cta":450,"description":435,"extension":458,"faq":459,"hero":484,"image":494,"locale":495,"meta":496,"navigation":497,"order":498,"path":499,"seo":500,"slug":504,"stem":505,"summary":506,"__hash__":507},"ratgeber\u002Fratgeber\u002Fen\u002Fwartungspflichten-brandschutz.md","Wartungspflichten Brandschutz",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":434},"minimark",[9,14,18,201,205,208,224,227,230,241,245,248,262,266,269,280,284,287,291,294,317,321,324,327,341,345,348,368,372,375,389,393,396,413,417,420],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"central-overview-table","Central overview table",[15,16,17],"p",{},"This table is the core of the article — listing every structural fire-protection element with duty, interval, legal basis and required qualification. Save it, print it, hand it out — the table covers 95 % of the questions.",[19,20,21,43],"table",{},[22,23,24],"thead",{},[25,26,27,31,34,37,40],"tr",{},[28,29,30],"th",{},"Element",[28,32,33],{},"Duty",[28,35,36],{},"Interval",[28,38,39],{},"Basis",[28,41,42],{},"Who may inspect",[44,45,46,64,78,95,108,125,142,155,170,184],"tbody",{},[25,47,48,52,55,58,61],{},[49,50,51],"td",{},"Fire doors",[49,53,54],{},"Maintenance + inspection",[49,56,57],{},"annually",[49,59,60],{},"applicable proofs of usability",[49,62,63],{},"Specialist firm with qualified knowledge",[25,65,66,69,71,73,76],{},[49,67,68],{},"Fire gates",[49,70,54],{},[49,72,57],{},[49,74,75],{},"applicable proof of usability, BetrSichV, applicable proof of usability",[49,77,63],{},[25,79,80,83,86,89,92],{},[49,81,82],{},"Hold-open devices",[49,84,85],{},"Function check",[49,87,88],{},"monthly",[49,90,91],{},"applicable proof of usability",[49,93,94],{},"Operator (trained)",[25,96,97,99,102,104,106],{},[49,98,82],{},[49,100,101],{},"Qualified inspection",[49,103,57],{},[49,105,91],{},[49,107,63],{},[25,109,110,113,116,119,122],{},[49,111,112],{},"Smoke detector hold-open",[49,114,115],{},"Replacement",[49,117,118],{},"every 5–8 years",[49,120,121],{},"Manufacturer",[49,123,124],{},"Specialist firm",[25,126,127,130,133,136,139],{},[49,128,129],{},"Cable seals",[49,131,132],{},"Visual check",[49,134,135],{},"regularly",[49,137,138],{},"MLAR, LAR",[49,140,141],{},"Operator \u002F specialist firm",[25,143,144,147,149,151,153],{},[49,145,146],{},"Pipe seals",[49,148,132],{},[49,150,135],{},[49,152,138],{},[49,154,141],{},[25,156,157,160,162,165,168],{},[49,158,159],{},"Fire-protection cladding",[49,161,132],{},[49,163,164],{},"during walk-through",[49,166,167],{},"—",[49,169,141],{},[25,171,172,175,177,180,182],{},[49,173,174],{},"Inspection openings",[49,176,132],{},[49,178,179],{},"during maintenance",[49,181,167],{},[49,183,141],{},[25,185,186,189,192,195,198],{},[49,187,188],{},"Overall: fire-safety audit",[49,190,191],{},"Official control",[49,193,194],{},"every 3–5 years",[49,196,197],{},"State law",[49,199,200],{},"Fire brigade \u002F authority",[10,202,204],{"id":203},"fire-doors-in-detail","Fire doors in detail",[15,206,207],{},"Doors are the most common position — and by some margin the most common source of defects in fire-safety audits. Annual maintenance is mandatory, as is the qualified knowledge of the inspector.",[209,210,211,215,218,221],"ul",{},[212,213,214],"li",{},"What's checked: closing behaviour, seals, hardware, frame, glazing and approval label",[212,216,217],{},"Who may inspect: specialist firm with qualified knowledge in accordance with the applicable proofs of usability",[212,219,220],{},"Documentation: inspection protocol with defect levels A \u002F B \u002F C, entry in the inspection log",[212,222,223],{},"When in doubt: a service contract — automatic scheduling removes the burden of monitoring",[10,225,68],{"id":226},"fire-gates",[15,228,229],{},"Gates are more complex than doors — drive, control, safety devices. In high-frequency operations (logistics) shorter intervals than annually are often necessary.",[209,231,232,235,238],{},[212,233,234],{},"What's checked: closing behaviour, drive, control, safety devices and seals",[212,236,237],{},"Interval: annually, more often in high-frequency use",[212,239,240],{},"Who may inspect: specialist firm with manufacturer qualification",[10,242,244],{"id":243},"hold-open-devices-two-tier-inspection","Hold-open devices — two-tier inspection",[15,246,247],{},"Hold-open devices are a special case: two mandatory layers. Monthly the operator checks function (press the smoke-test button, the door must close); annually the qualified inspector comes.",[209,249,250,253,256,259],{},[212,251,252],{},"Monthly function check by trained operator (smoke test button)",[212,254,255],{},"Annual qualified inspection by a specialist firm",[212,257,258],{},"Smoke detector replacement every 5–8 years — depending on the manufacturer date",[212,260,261],{},"Entry in the inspection log both monthly and annually",[10,263,265],{"id":264},"penetration-seals-the-most-common-defect-at-audits","Penetration seals — the most common defect at audits",[15,267,268],{},"Penetration seals — cable, pipe, combination — have no explicit annual maintenance duty but must be checked regularly by visual inspection. By far the most common defect at fire-safety audits is a subsequently violated seal — a cable pulled through, the hole never properly resealed.",[209,270,271,274,277],{},[212,272,273],{},"No explicit annual maintenance duty, but visual inspection is mandatory",[212,275,276],{},"Most common defect: subsequently violated seals (cables pulled through later)",[212,278,279],{},"Recommendation: include the annual visual check together with the door maintenance",[10,281,283],{"id":282},"cladding-and-enclosures","Cladding and enclosures",[15,285,286],{},"Fire-protection cladding for steel beams and ventilation ducts, enclosures for server rooms or machinery — visual check for damage suffices here. Important: always inspect after refurbishments or retrofits, because interventions often cause creeping damage.",[10,288,290],{"id":289},"legal-basis-at-a-glance","Legal basis at a glance",[15,292,293],{},"The maintenance duty arises not from a single rule, but from several sources that together paint a clear picture:",[209,295,296,299,302,305,308,311,314],{},[212,297,298],{},"applicable proof of usability — principles of maintenance",[212,300,301],{},"applicable proof of usability — qualified inspection of fire- \u002F smoke-resisting closures",[212,303,304],{},"Workplace Safety Ordinance (BetrSichV)",[212,306,307],{},"ASR A1.7 — workplace technical rules",[212,309,310],{},"Cable Installation Directive (MLAR), in NRW LAR — penetration seals",[212,312,313],{},"State building codes — operator duties",[212,315,316],{},"Manufacturer specifications — condition for keeping the approval",[10,318,320],{"id":319},"who-is-liable","Who is liable?",[15,322,323],{},"The maintenance duty falls on the operator personally — under state building code and criminal law. Who that is depends on the constellation: owner, manager, management; in some cases also tenant or lessee (depending on contract).",[15,325,326],{},"On consequences of neglect: no scaremongering, but the reality is clear. Insurers refuse to pay in case of a claim if maintenance evidence is missing. Building-authority orders up to use prohibition are possible. On personal injury, criminal relevance is on the table.",[209,328,329,332,335,338],{},[212,330,331],{},"Owner (transferable on letting — check the contract!)",[212,333,334],{},"Tenant \u002F lessee (depending on contract design)",[212,336,337],{},"Management (personal liability possible)",[212,339,340],{},"Not the maintenance contractor for missed dates — unless explicitly agreed in the service contract",[10,342,344],{"id":343},"documentation-duty","Documentation duty",[15,346,347],{},"Complete documentation is part of the maintenance duty — not reconstructable after the fact, but kept continuously in the inspection log. The effort is manageable; the benefit in case of dispute is enormous.",[209,349,350,353,356,359,362,365],{},[212,351,352],{},"Inspection protocols per position",[212,354,355],{},"Inspection log or file for the entire property",[212,357,358],{},"Photos before \u002F during \u002F after repairs",[212,360,361],{},"Defect lists with remediation evidence",[212,363,364],{},"Approval evidence and conformity declarations",[212,366,367],{},"Retention over the entire useful life of the component",[10,369,371],{"id":370},"what-happens-at-the-fire-safety-audit","What happens at the fire-safety audit?",[15,373,374],{},"The fire-safety audit is official, controlling and can issue orders. The fire brigade checks samples but explicitly demands inspection protocols as evidence. Anyone who cannot produce maintenance documentation has a problem — even if the doors are technically fine.",[209,376,377,380,383,386],{},[212,378,379],{},"Fire brigade checks samples",[212,381,382],{},"Inspection protocols are demanded — must be presented",[212,384,385],{},"On defects: deadlines for remediation, possibly follow-up inspection",[212,387,388],{},"On imminent danger: immediate use prohibition possible",[10,390,392],{"id":391},"a-service-contract-is-the-simplest-solution","A service contract is the simplest solution",[15,394,395],{},"The most reliable way to fulfil all maintenance duties is a service contract. Automatic scheduling, predictable cost, one contact for all maintenance — and the certainty that no date slips through.",[209,397,398,401,404,407,410],{},[212,399,400],{},"Automatic scheduling — no forgetting",[212,402,403],{},"Predictable cost per door \u002F gate \u002F device per year",[212,405,406],{},"Legally defensible documentation",[212,408,409],{},"One contact for doors, gates, hold-open devices, penetration seals",[212,411,412],{},"Repair priority outside the maintenance cycle",[10,414,416],{"id":415},"common-misconceptions","Common misconceptions",[15,418,419],{},"Four sentences we hear regularly in initial conversations — and why they don't hold.",[209,421,422,425,428,431],{},[212,423,424],{},"\"We did fire protection at construction.\" — One-off doesn't suffice. Regular inspection is mandatory regardless of installation date.",[212,426,427],{},"\"Our caretaker handles it.\" — Only with documented training in accordance with the applicable proofs of usability. No qualified knowledge, no valid maintenance.",[212,429,430],{},"\"We've never had problems.\" — Liability exists regardless of incidents. In a claim event, complete evidence counts, not a clean track record.",[212,432,433],{},"\"Our insurer knows about it.\" — Insurance cover requires evidence. Without inspection protocols, the insurer will refuse to pay.",{"title":435,"searchDepth":436,"depth":436,"links":437},"",2,[438,439,440,441,442,443,444,445,446,447,448,449],{"id":12,"depth":436,"text":13},{"id":203,"depth":436,"text":204},{"id":226,"depth":436,"text":68},{"id":243,"depth":436,"text":244},{"id":264,"depth":436,"text":265},{"id":282,"depth":436,"text":283},{"id":289,"depth":436,"text":290},{"id":319,"depth":436,"text":320},{"id":343,"depth":436,"text":344},{"id":370,"depth":436,"text":371},{"id":391,"depth":436,"text":392},{"id":415,"depth":436,"text":416},{"kicker":451,"heading":452,"lead":453,"primary_label":454,"primary_to":455,"secondary_label":456,"secondary_to":457},"↳ Service contract","Request a service contract — we take over the duty.","Send us the count of doors, gates and devices plus location — we come back with a fixed-price quote per position and year.","Request service contract","\u002Fdienstleistungen\u002Fwartung-brandschutztueren","Inspect the property","\u002Fdienstleistungen\u002Fpruefung","md",{"kicker":460,"heading":461,"items":462},"↳ FAQ","Frequently asked questions about fire-protection maintenance duties.",[463,466,469,472,475,478,481],{"q":464,"a":465},"How often must a fire door be maintained?","At least once a year in accordance with the applicable proofs of usability. In high-frequency areas (hospitals, schools, retail) often half-yearly; after damage an additional special service.",{"q":467,"a":468},"Can the caretaker inspect hold-open devices?","The monthly function check (pressing the smoke-test button) yes — provided they have documented training. The annual qualified inspection must be performed by a specialist firm with qualified knowledge in accordance with the applicable proofs of usability.",{"q":470,"a":471},"What happens on missed maintenance in a claim event?","The insurer can refuse to pay because the complete record of the maintenance duty is missing. On personal injury, the personal liability of owner or management can become a criminal matter.",{"q":473,"a":474},"Is there a single legal basis for the maintenance duty?","No, it follows from several sources: applicable proof of usability (principles), applicable proof of usability (qualified knowledge), Workplace Safety Ordinance, state building code and manufacturer specifications. Together they form the clear duty.",{"q":476,"a":477},"Who pays for maintenance — landlord or tenant?","In residential tenancy law, fire-protection maintenance is generally not an apportionable operating cost — so the landlord pays. In commercial leases, cost allocation is a matter of negotiation and should be set out in the contract.",{"q":479,"a":480},"How long must inspection protocols be kept?","Over the entire useful life of the component — in practice, decades. Important is permanent availability for fire-safety audit, insurer and expert.",{"q":482,"a":483},"What does a fire-door service contract cost?","Typically between EUR 60 and 120 net per door per year — depending on door type, location and number. With multiple properties or many doors, the unit price drops through bundling.",{"kicker":485,"title_pre":486,"title_em":487,"lead":488,"reading_time":489,"updated_label":490,"updated_value":491,"published_at":492,"updated_at":493},"↳ Guide · Maintenance","Fire Protection Maintenance Duties —","what, how often, by whom?","Structural fire-protection elements must be maintained — doors, gates and hold-open devices at least annually, penetration seals and cladding by regular visual inspection. The duty falls on the operator personally — neglect risks loss of insurance and personal liability.","10 min read","Updated","April 2026","2026-03-01","2026-04-15","\u002Fimages\u002Fratgeber-wartungspflichten-brandschutz.webp","en",{},true,30,"\u002Fratgeber\u002Fen\u002Fwartungspflichten-brandschutz",{"title":501,"description":502,"keywords":503},"Fire Protection Maintenance Duties — intervals, inspection, liability | Abels Brandschutz","All legal maintenance duties for fire protection at a glance: doors, gates, hold-open devices, penetration seals. Intervals, legal basis, consequences — with a central overview table.","fire protection maintenance duty, fire protection inspection intervals, fire protection legal maintenance, operator duty fire protection building, who may inspect fire doors, fire protection documentation obligation, fire damper maintenance regulation, inspection obligation fire protection","wartungspflichten-brandschutz","ratgeber\u002Fen\u002Fwartungspflichten-brandschutz",null,"3P2bukbhpKaFKOzLy3JH6mAxT_5XdZpHzGbu48sPIaM",1779439309912]